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Spain

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Spain

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This is a list of Spanish monarchs—that is, rulers of the country of Spain in the modern sense of the word. The forerunners of the Spanish throne, as well as of the Portuguese throne, were the following:

• Kings of the Visigoths
• Suebi Kings of Gallaecia
• Kings of Asturias
• Kings of Aragon
• Kings of Castile
• Kings of Leon
• Kings of Navarre

These lineages were eventually united by the marriage of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile. Although their kingdoms continued to be separate, with their personal union they ruled them together as one dominion. Ferdinand also conquered the southern part of Navarre and annexed it to what was to become Spain. Isabella left her kingdom to her daughter Joanna of Castile. Ferdinand served as her regent during her insanity; though rebuffed by the Castilian nobility and replaced by Joanna's husband Philip the Handsome, he resumed his regency after Philip's death. In 1516, after Ferdinand II's death, his daughter Joanna inherited the kingdom of Aragon, but was kept prisoner at Tordesillas as insane. As Joanna's son, the future Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, did not want to be merely a regent, he was proclaimed king of Castile and Aragon jointly with his mother in Brussels. Subsequently, Castilian and Aragonese Cortes alleged oath to him as co-king with his mother. Upon her death, he became sole King of Castile and Aragon, and the thrones were thereafter united permanently.

Kingdom of Spain (1516-1873)

House of Habsburg / House of Austria

Under Charles I, the two thrones of Castile and Aragon were finally united under one monarch.

Picture	Coat of arms	Name	Monarch From	Monarch Until
		Charles I with Joanna (1516-1555)	March 14, 1516	January 16, 1556
		Philip II	January 16, 1556	September 13, 1598
		Philip III	September 13, 1598	March 31, 1621
		Philip IV	March 31, 1621	September 17, 1665
		Charles II	September 17, 1665	November 1, 1700

House of Bourbon

After Charles II died without heirs, the crown of Spain passed to the next senior descendant of Philip IV (via his eldest daughter) Philip V.

Picture	Coat of Arms	Name	Monarch From	Monarch Until
		Philip V	November 16, 1700	January 14, 1724
		Louis I	January 14, 1724	August 31, 1724
		Philip V	September 6, 1724	July 9, 1746
		Ferdinand VI	July 9, 1746	August 10, 1759
		Charles III	August 10, 1759	December 14, 1788
		Charles IV	December 14, 1788	March 19, 1808
		Ferdinand VII	March 19, 1808	May 6, 1808

House of Bonaparte

See also: Bonaparte

The only monarch from this dynasty was Joseph I, imposed by his brother Napoleon I of France after the kings Charles IV and Ferdinand VII abdicated. The title used by Joseph was King of the Spains and the Indias, by divine grace and the Constitution of the State . He was also later given all of the titles of the previous kings.

Picture	Coat of Arms	Name	Monarch From	Monarch Until
		Joseph I Napoleon	June 6, 1808	December 11, 1813

House of Bourbon (first restoration)

Charles IV's eldest son was restored to the throne. Again the title used was king of Castile, Leon, Aragon,… by divine grace.

Picture	Coat of Arms	Name	Monarch From	Monarch Until
		Ferdinand VII	December 11, 1813	September 29, 1833
		Isabella II	September 29, 1833	September 30, 1868

House of Savoy

See also: House of Savoy

After the Spanish Revolution of 1868 deposed Isabella II, there was established a provisional government and a regency headed by Francisco Serrano y Domínguez from October 8, 1868 until January 2, 1871, while it was requested a new monarch. Amadeo I was elected as king and the new title used was King of Spain, by divine grace and will of nation.

Picture	Coat of Arms	Name	Monarch From	Monarch Until
		Amadeo I	December 4, 1870	February 11, 1873

First Spanish Republic (1873-1874)

See President of Spain

Kingdom of Spain (1874-1931)

House of Bourbon (second restoration)

Isabella II's eldest son was restored to the throne. Constitutional king of Spain.

Picture	Coat of Arms	Name	Monarch From	Monarch Until
		Alfonso XII	December 29, 1874	November 25, 1885
		Alfonso XIII	May 17, 1886	April 14, 1931

Second Spanish Republic (1931-1939)

See President of Spain

Spanish State (1936-1975)

Spanish State was established by General Francisco Franco during Spanish Civil War in parts of Spain on 24 July 1936, and in the entire country on 1 April 1939. On 1 October 1936 General Francisco Franco was proclaimed Head of State. In 1947, Franco proclaimed the restoration of the monarchy, but did not allow the pretender, Juan de Borbón, Count of Barcelona, to take the throne. In 1969, Franco declared that Juan Carlos, the Count of Barcelona's son, would be his successor. After Franco's death in 1975, Juan Carlos succeeded him as the King of Spain.

Kingdom of Spain (1975-Present)

House of Bourbon (third restoration)

Alfonso XIII's claim descended (due to his two eldest sons' renunciations) to his third son, Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona, who was passed over in favour of his eldest son, whose title is King of Spain. The Count of Barcelona renounced his claims in favour of his son in 1977, two years after Franco's death and Juan Carlos's accession.

Picture	Coat of Arms	Name	Monarch From	Monarch Until
		Juan Carlos I	November 22, 1975	Incumbent

See also

• List of heads of state of Spain
• Kings of Spain family tree
• Line of Succession to the Spanish Throne
• Royal Consorts of Spain
• Spanish monarchy
• War of the Spanish Succession

External links

• Kings of Spain, 700–